Which procedure do male patients typically undergo for permanent contraception?

A vasectomy is the procedure that male patients typically undergo for permanent contraception. This surgical procedure involves cutting and sealing the vas deferens, which are the tubes that carry sperm from the testes to the urethra. By preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation, a vasectomy effectively reduces the risk of fertilization and is considered a permanent method of contraception.

The procedure is generally performed in an outpatient setting, and while it is designed to be permanent, some men may later opt for a reversal, though this is not always successful. The effectiveness of a vasectomy in preventing pregnancy is very high, making it a widely accepted option for males seeking a permanent form of birth control.

Other surgical options listed, like orchiectomy or prostatectomy, do not serve the purpose of contraception. Orchiectomy involves removing one or both testes, while prostatectomy involves the surgical removal of the prostate gland, typically to treat conditions like prostate cancer. Erectile dysfunction surgery is aimed at addressing issues related to sexual function and does not contribute to contraception. Therefore, the vasectomy stands out as the correct answer for the question regarding permanent male contraception.